Author:
Tan Jing,He Guolin,Qi Yana,Yang Hongmei,Xiong Yiquan,Liu Chunrong,Wang Wen,Zou Kang,Lee Andy H.,Sun Xin,Liu Xinghui
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The current evidence about anemia and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) during pregnancy remains elusive in China. The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of anemia and IDA and their risk factors in Chinese pregnant women.
Methods
A nationwide cross-sectional survey of pregnant women was conducted during their antenatal visits. Using a multi-stage sampling method, 24 hospitals from 16 provinces across China were selected. Structured questionnaires were administered to collect information from participants and to extract clinical data from electronic medical records. Mixed-effects logistic regression models were performed to determine the risk factors associated with anemia and IDA.
Results
In total, 12,403 pregnant women were enrolled, including 1018 (8.2%) at the first trimester, 3487 (28.1%) at the second, and 7898 (63.7%) at the third. Overall, 19.8% of women were diagnosed with anemia and 13.9% were diagnosed with IDA. The prevalence of anemia and IDA varied among regions and increased by gestational month, peaking at the eighth gestational month (24.0% for anemia and 17.8% for IDA). Pregnant women at advanced stage of gestation, non-local residents, multiple gestations, multiparity, pre-pregnancy underweight, and those experiencing severe nausea or vomiting during pregnancy, were associated with higher risks of anemia and IDA.
Conclusions
The prevalence of anemia and IDA during pregnancy are similar to those from developed countries and vary across regions in China.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
National Key Research and Development Program of Reproductive Health & Major Birth Defects Control and Prevention
National Major Science and Technology Projects of China
National Key Development Plan for Precision Medicine Research
“Thousand Youth Talents Plan” of China
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Obstetrics and Gynecology
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