Demographic and clinical criteria of intranasal lobular capillary hemangioma: as retrospective multicentric audit

Abstract

Abstract Introduction Lobular capillary hemangioma (LCH) is a benign vascular tumor that rarely affects the nasal cavity. Pregnancy and previous nasal trauma or surgery might be implicated in the pathogenesis of this tumor. However, in the majority of the cases, there is no identified cause. The objective of this study was to characterize the numerous demographic and clinical aspects of intranasal LCH and to find whether there is a link between its likely causation and other parameters. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records (from 2012 to 2021) of subjects with proven cases of intranasal LCH on histopathological evaluation at four main hospitals in Baghdad, Ramadi, Tikrit, and Samawah cities, Iraq. The detailed information concerning the age, gender, duration, clinical features, side, location, type of anesthesia, follow-up period, and recurrence was registered for each participant. Results Of the 82 patients, there were 73.2% females. The majority of the cases (79.3%) were from the age group of 18–40 years. The majority of the patients (74.4%) were seen within 1–2 months. Most of the cases originated from the left side (59.8%) and the nasal septum (81.7%). Epistaxis was the most common presenting symptom (91.5%). No cause was identified in 42.7% of the cases, followed by pregnancy (31.7%) and trauma (25.6%). There was a significant difference between the possible cause and the age and gender (P-value = 0.000). The recurrence rate was 3.66%. Conclusion Intranasal LCH shows a female predominance and mostly affects the age group of 18–40 years. Most of the cases involved the left side and nasal septum. Epistaxis was the chief complaint in the majority of cases. Age and gender can determine the possible cause of the lesion.