Phenotypic characteristics and rehabilitation effect of children with regressive autism spectrum disorder: a prospective cohort study
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Published:2024-07-19
Issue:1
Volume:24
Page:
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ISSN:1471-244X
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Container-title:BMC Psychiatry
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language:en
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Short-container-title:BMC Psychiatry
Author:
Hu Chaoqun,Yang Ting,Chen Jie,Dai Ying,Wei Hua,Wu Qionghui,Chen Hongyu,Long Dan,Feng Yuru,Wei Qiuhong,Zhang Qian,Chen Li,Li Tingyu
Abstract
Abstract
Background
In this prospective cohort study, we determined the phenotypic characteristics of children with regressive autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and explored the effects of rehabilitation.
Methods
We recruited 370 children with ASD aged 1.5–7 years. Based on the Regression Supplement Form, the children were assigned to two groups: regressive and non-regressive. The core symptoms and neurodevelopmental levels of ASD were assessed before and after 1 year of behavioral intervention using the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS), Social Response Scale (SRS), Children Autism Rating Scale (CARS), and Gesell Developmental Scale (GDS).
Results
Among the 370 children with ASD, 28.38% (105/370) experienced regression. Regression was primarily observed in social communication and language skills. Children with regressive ASD exhibited higher SRS and CARS scores and lower GDS scores than those with non-regressive ASD. After 1 year of behavioral intervention, the symptom scale scores significantly decreased for all children with ASD; however, a lesser degree of improvement was observed in children with regressive ASD than in those with non-regressive ASD. In addition, the symptom scores of children with regressive ASD below 4 years old significantly decreased, whereas the scores of those over 4 years old did not significantly improve. Children with regressive ASD showed higher core symptom scores and lower neurodevelopmental levels. Nevertheless, after behavioral intervention, some symptoms exhibited significant improvements in children with regressive ASD under 4 years of age.
Conclusion
Early intervention should be considered for children with ASD, particularly for those with regressive ASD.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation the Chongqing Postdoctoral Science Foundation the Youth Innovation Team of Future Medical Support Plan of Chongqing Medical University Chief Medical Expert Studio of Chongqing
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
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