Impact of anesthetist licensing examination on quality of education in Ethiopia: a qualitative study of faculty and student perceptions

Author:

Asemu Yohannes Molla,Yigzaw Tegbar,Desta Firew Ayalew,Melese Tewodros Abebaw,Gemeda Leulayehu Akalu,Scheele Fedde,van den Akker Thomas

Abstract

Abstract Background Ethiopia drastically increased the anesthesia workforce density by training ‘associate clinician anesthetists’ as a task-shifting and sharing strategy. However, there were growing concerns about educational quality and patient safety. Accordingly, the Ministry of Health introduced the anesthetist national licensing examination (NLE) to assure the quality of education. However, empirical evidence is scarce to support or refute the overall impact of NLEs, which are relatively costly for low- and middle-income settings. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the impact of introducing NLE on anesthetists’ education in Ethiopia. Methods We conducted a qualitative study using a constructivist grounded theory approach. Data were prospectively collected from ten anesthetist teaching institutions. Fifteen in-depth interviews were conducted with instructors and academic leaders, and six focus groups were held with students and recently tested anesthetists. Additional data were gathered by analyzing relevant documents, including versions of curricula, academic committee minutes, program quality review reports, and faculty appraisal reports. Interviews and group discussions were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim and analyzed using Atlas.ti 9 software. Results Both faculty and students demonstrated positive attitudes toward the NLE. Student motivation, faculty performance, and curriculum strengthening were the three primary changes that emerged, resulting in three subsequent spin-offs on assessment, learning, and quality management practices. Academic leaders’ dedication to evaluating examination data and turning these into action led to changes that improved education quality. Increased accountability, engagement, and collaboration were the predominant factors facilitating change. Conclusion Our study indicates that the Ethiopian NLE has prompted anesthesia teaching institutions to improve their teaching, learning, and assessment practices. However, more work is required to improve exam acceptability among stakeholders and drive broader changes.

Funder

United States Agency for International Development

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Education,General Medicine

Reference50 articles.

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2. Ethiopian Anesthetist Licensing Examination: A Qualitative Study of Concerns and Unintended Consequences;Advances in Medical Education and Practice;2023-09

3. The Ethiopian Anesthetist Licensing Examination and Associated Improvement in in-School Student Performance: A Retrospective Study;Advances in Medical Education and Practice;2023-07

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