Prevalence and determinants of poor glycaemic control among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a selected urban population of Mysuru district

Abstract

Background: India is referred to as the “diabetic capital of the world” and is home to the second-largest number of adults with diabetes worldwide. Urbanization is a key reason for the Indian diabetes epidemic. Poor glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes patients is a serious public health issue and a key risk factor for both progression and complication of diabetes. This study, therefore, intends to assess glycaemic control status and factors influencing poor glycaemic control among T2DM patients.Methods: This was a community-based cross-sectional study done over a period of four months, among T2DM patients in urban Mysuru, using a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire by interview method. A total of 372 T2DM patients who had the latest reports of fasting blood sugar value were included in the study. SPSS version 23 was used to analyse the collected data and to identify the determinants and risk factors leading to poor glycaemic control.Results: Among 372 study participants, 63.7% of patients had poor glycaemic control. The mean FBS value of the study population was 146.886±43.2700 and the mean age of the study participants was 55.50±12.238 years. Further, it was found that longer diseases durations, irregular check-ups, type of medication, non-adherence to both medication and diabetic diet were risk factors for poor glycaemic status.Conclusions: The prevalence of poor glycaemic control among diabetics in Mysuru was found to be high; therefore, proper health education, counselling of diabetics and organizing health awareness programmes are needed to control it and hence reduce the disease burden.