Feto-maternal impact of altered lipid profile in pregnancy

Abstract

Background: This study was aimed to evaluate the association of lipid profile with development of feto-maternal complications.Methods: This observational study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College Raipur during August 2015-November 2016. Total 200 study subjects were evaluated who were having normal lipid profile in 1st trimester.Results: Out of 200 antenatal women recruited in our study, 129 had normal lipid profile throughout pregnancy and 71 women developed dyslipidemia.89 % of those women having normal lipid profile did not develop any maternal or perinatal complication, showing a high negative predictive value (88.72%) and high specificity of 91.47%. We observed that the onset of dyslipidemia occurred in 2nd trimester and it was progressive. About 83.58 % of them developed toxemia of pregnancy (GHTN, preeclampsia, eclampsia), positive predictive value of 83.58%. The levels of TC (total cholesterol), TG(triglyceride), VLDL (very low-density lipoprotein) and LDL (low density lipoprotein) were significantly (p<0.0001) higher in hypertensive women than normotensive women. Dyslipidemic women have developed significant (p= 0.00001) level of perinatal complications like preterm (18.05%), IUGR (15.28%) and IUD (13.89%). Sensitivity- 78.9, Specificity- 88.72, Positive likelihood ratio-9.25, Negative likelihood ratio- 0.23.Conclusions: Early pregnancy dyslipidemia was significantly associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia and eclampsia. Thus, evaluating dyslipidemia in 1st and 2nd trimester may help in early prediction and management of maternal as well as fetal complication.