Dithiothreitol‐Measured Oxidative Potential of Reference Materials of Mineral Dust: Implications for the Toxicity of Mineral Dust Aerosols in the Atmosphere

Author:

Nishita‐Hara Chiharu1ORCID,Kobayashi Hiroshi2,Hara Keiichiro13ORCID,Hayashi Masahiko13

Affiliation:

1. Fukuoka Institute for Atmospheric Environment and Health Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan

2. Division of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Yamanashi Kofu Japan

3. Department of Earth System Science Faculty of Science Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan

Abstract

AbstractOxidative stress is a mechanism that might raise the toxicity of mineral dust aerosols. We evaluated the oxidative potential (OP) of four reference materials (RMs) of mineral dusts using dithiothreitol assay. The OP of the water‐soluble fraction of the dust RMs accounts for 40%–70% of the OP of the total fraction. The values of total and water‐soluble OP normalized by the surface area of insoluble particles showed agreement among the different dust RMs. The surface area of insoluble dust particles was therefore inferred as an important factor affecting the OP of mineral dust. Using the relation between total OP and the surface area of insoluble particles of the dust RMs, we estimated the total OPs of fine and coarse atmospheric mineral dust aerosols assuming a typical particle size distribution of Asian dust aerosols observed in Japan. Mass‐normalized total OPs were estimated at 44 and 23 pmol min−1 μg−1 for fine and coarse atmospheric mineral dust particles. They closely approximate the values observed for urban aerosols in Japan, which suggests that mineral dust plume advection can lead to a marked increase in human exposure to redox‐active aerosols, even far downwind from mineral dust source regions.

Funder

Steel Foundation for Environmental Protection Technology

Publisher

American Geophysical Union (AGU)

Subject

Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health,Pollution,Waste Management and Disposal,Water Science and Technology,Epidemiology,Global and Planetary Change

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