Simulation of Compound Flooding Using River‐Ocean Two‐Way Coupled E3SM Ensemble on Variable‐Resolution Meshes

Author:

Feng Dongyu1ORCID,Tan Zeli1ORCID,Engwirda Darren2ORCID,Wolfe Jonathan D.2ORCID,Xu Donghui1ORCID,Liao Chang1ORCID,Bisht Gautam1ORCID,Benedict James J.2,Zhou Tian1ORCID,Li Hong‐Yi3ORCID,Leung L. Ruby1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Atmospheric, Climate, & Earth Sciences Division Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA

2. Los Alamos National Laboratory T‐3 Fluid Dynamics and Solid Mechanics Group Los Alamos NM USA

3. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Houston Houston TX USA

Abstract

AbstractCoastal zone compound flooding (CF) can be caused by the interactive fluvial and oceanic processes, particularly when coastal backwater propagates upstream and interacts with high river discharge. The modeling of CF is limited in existing Earth System Models (ESMs) due to coarse mesh resolutions and one‐way coupled river‐ocean components. In this study, we present a novel multi‐scale coupling framework within the Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SM), integrating global atmosphere and land with interactively coupled river and ocean models using different meshes with refined resolutions near the coastline. To evaluate this framework, we conducted ensemble simulations of a CF event (Hurricane Irene in 2011) in a Mid‐Atlantic estuary. The results demonstrate that the novel E3SM configuration can reasonably reproduce river discharge and sea surface height variations. The two‐way river‐ocean coupling improves the representation of coastal backwater effects at the terrestrial‐aquatic interface that are caused by the combined actions of tide and storm surge during the CF event, thus providing a valuable modeling tool for better understanding the river‐estuary‐ocean dynamics in extreme events under climate change. Notably, our results show that the most significant CF impacts occur when the highest storm surge generated by a tropical cyclone meets with a moderate river discharge. This study highlights the state‐of‐the‐art advancements developed within E3SM for simulating multi‐scale coastal processes.

Funder

Office of Science

Publisher

American Geophysical Union (AGU)

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