Edge‐Driven Convection Melting Before the Emplacement of the Afar Mantle Plume Head Inferred From <sup>40</sup>Ar/<sup>39</sup>Ar Dating-Reference-Cited by-同舟云学术

Edge‐Driven Convection Melting Before the Emplacement of the Afar Mantle Plume Head Inferred From ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar Dating

Published:2023-04-11 Issue:8 Volume:50 Page:
ISSN:0094-8276
Container-title:Geophysical Research Letters
language:en
Short-container-title:Geophysical Research Letters

Author:

Yoshimura Yutaka¹²^ORCID,Ishizuka Osamu³⁴^ORCID,Yamazaki Toshitsugu²^ORCID,Ahn Hyeon‐Seon⁵,Kidane Tesfaye⁶^ORCID,Yamamoto Yuhji⁷^ORCID,Sekimoto Shun⁸,Sano Takashi⁹,Otofuji Yo‐ichiro¹⁰¹¹

Affiliation:

1. Department of Environmental Changes Faculty of Social and Cultural Studies Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan

2. Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute The University of Tokyo Kashiwa Japan

3. Institute of Earthquake and Volcano Geology Geological Survey of Japan, AIST Tsukuba Japan

4. Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science and Technology Yokosuka Japan

5. Quaternary Environment Research Center Climate Change Response Division Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) Daejeon South Korea

6. School of Agricultural, Earth, and Environmental Sciences University of KwaZulu Natal Durban South Africa

7. Center for Advanced Marine Core Research Kochi University Kochi Japan

8. Institute for Integrated Radiation and Nuclear Science Kyoto University Kumatori Japan

9. Department of Geology and Paleontology National Museum of Nature and Science Tsukuba Japan

10. Institute of GeoHistory Japan Geochronology Network Akaiwa Japan

11. Kobe University Kobe Japan

Abstract

AbstractThe Ethiopia‐Yemen flood basalts are spatially zoned with progressively lower TiO2 lavas from near the Afar depression toward the margins. The timing and rate of emplacement of low TiO2 (LT) lavas are poorly known compared with the ultra‐high TiO2 (HT2) lavas. We measured two high‐precision 40Ar/39Ar ages of 29.63 ± 0.14 and 30.02 ± 0.22 Ma (2σ) from basalts of the 2‐km‐thick LT lava sequence at the Afar plume head margin. Using our eruption age model constructed from our and previous 40Ar/39Ar ages with the paleomagnetic directions, we estimate that the LT lava eruption continued over Chrons C12r‐C12n‐C11r. The eruption of the plume head margin started earlier than the plume head axis emplacement in C12n. Also, the eruption rate was low at the margin, high at the axis. We estimate that the LT lavas are induced by the edge‐driven convection, the result of a plume‐lithosphere interaction, not a plume head.

Funder

Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Publisher

American Geophysical Union (AGU)

Subject

General Earth and Planetary Sciences,Geophysics

Link

https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2022GL102560

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