Affiliation:
1. State Key Laboratory of Space Weather National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
2. Key Laboratory of Solar Activity and Space Weather National Space Science Center Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
3. Institute of Geophysics China Earthquake Administration Beijing China
4. National Institute of Natural Hazards Ministry of Emergency Management of China Beijing China
Abstract
AbstractBesides the significant effects of a variety of naturally occurring magnetospheric waves on the electron dynamics in the magnetosphere, the important contribution of ground‐based very‐low‐frequency (VLF) transmitter waves also has been gradually discovered. The VLF transmitter's wave penetrating into the topside ionosphere is its energy source injected into the magnetosphere and has been extensively investigated. In the VLF wave trans‐ionospheric propagation, the main energy attenuation occurs in the lower ionosphere which is controlled by solar short‐wave radiation. However, the investigation on the variation of the VLF transmitters' energy in the topside ionosphere and ionospheric reflection height with solar activity is lacking. We use 4 years electric field measurements performed by DEMETER satellite and full‐wave simulations to address these concerns. The results show the electric field radiated from NWC was relatively similar from May 1 to July 31 in 2006, 2008, and 2009 in daytime and nighttime, stronger than that in 2005, because the solar activity was similar and extremely low in these years compared with that in 2005. The nighttime and daytime ionospheric reflection heights are also relatively similar in these 3 years, with about 6 km higher than that in 2005. The difference in the simulated electric field based on the electron density profile from the IRI‐2016 model between 2005 and 2009 is lower compared with the observation results. However, considering 6 km added in ionospheric reflection height in 2009, the simulation results are much more consistent with the observation results both in daytime and nighttime.
Funder
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Publisher
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Cited by
1 articles.
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