Spatiotemporal Evolution of Slow Slip Events at the Offshore Hikurangi Subduction Zone in 2019 Using GNSS, InSAR, and Seafloor Geodetic Data

Author:

Woods K.1ORCID,Wallace L. M.234ORCID,Williams C. A.5ORCID,Hamling I. J.5ORCID,Webb S. C.6ORCID,Ito Y.7ORCID,Palmer N.5ORCID,Hino R.8ORCID,Suzuki S.8,Savage M. K.1ORCID,Warren‐Smith E.5ORCID,Mochizuki K.9ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Geography, Environment and Earth Sciences Victoria University of Wellington Wellington New Zealand

2. GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Germany

3. Institute of Geosciences Christian‐Albrechts‐Universität zu Kiel Kiel Germany

4. Institute for Geophysics University of Texas Austin TX USA

5. GNS Science Lower Hutt New Zealand

6. Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia University Palisades NY USA

7. Disaster Prevention Research Institute Kyoto University Kyoto Japan

8. Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Sendai Japan

9. Earthquake Research Institute University of Tokyo Tokoyo Japan

Abstract

AbstractDetecting crustal deformation during transient deformation events at offshore subduction zones remains challenging. The spatiotemporal evolution of slow slip events (SSEs) on the offshore Hikurangi subduction zone, New Zealand, during February–July 2019, is revealed through a time‐dependent inversion of onshore and offshore geodetic data that also accounts for spatially varying elastic crustal properties. Our model is constrained by seafloor pressure time series (as a proxy for vertical seafloor deformation), onshore continuous Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data, and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar displacements. Large GNSS displacements onshore and uplift of the seafloor (10–33 mm) require peak slip during the event of 150 to >200 mm at 6–12 km depth offshore Hawkes Bay and Gisborne, comparable to maximum slip observed during previous seafloor pressure deployments at north Hikurangi. The onshore and offshore data reveal a complex evolution of the SSE, over a period of months. Seafloor pressure data indicates the slow slip may have persisted longer near the trench than suggested by onshore GNSS stations in both the Gisborne and Hawkes Bay regions. Seafloor pressure data also reveal up‐dip migration of SSE slip beneath Hawke Bay occurred over a period of a few weeks. The SSE source region appears to coincide with locations of the March 1947 Mw 7.0–7.1 tsunami earthquake offshore Gisborne and estimated great earthquake rupture sources from paleoseismic investigations offshore Hawkes Bay, suggesting that the shallow megathrust at north and central Hikurangi is capable of both seismic and aseismic rupture.

Funder

Ministry for Business Innovation and Employment

Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology

Publisher

American Geophysical Union (AGU)

Reference96 articles.

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