Double‐Diffusive Layer and Meltwater Plume Effects on Ice Face Scalloping in Phase‐Change Simulations

Author:

Wilson Nicholas J.1,Vreugdenhil Catherine A.1ORCID,Gayen Bishakhdatta123,Hester Eric W.4ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Melbourne Melbourne VIC Australia

2. Centre for Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru India

3. The Australian Centre for Excellence in Antarctic Science University of Tasmania Hobart TAS Australia

4. Department of Mathematics The University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA

Abstract

AbstractAntarctic ice shelves are losing mass at increasing rates, yet the ice‐ocean interactions that cause significant ice loss are not well understood. A new approach of high‐resolution phase‐change simulations is used to model vertical ice melting into a stratified ocean. The ocean dynamics show complicated interplay between a turbulent buoyant meltwater plume and double‐diffusive layers, while the ice actively melts and changes topography. At room temperatures, the double‐diffusive layer thickness is closely linked to ice scalloping. At lower, more realistic ocean temperatures, the meltwater plume becomes prominent with a laminar‐to‐turbulent transition imprinting an indent on the melting ice. The double‐diffusive layer thickness is consistent with scaling prediction, while the real‐world application demonstrates reasonably good matching of the scaling prediction for some Antarctic regions. Our study is a key first step toward the future use of high‐resolution phase‐change fluid dynamics simulations to better understand Antarctic ice shelves in a changing climate.

Publisher

American Geophysical Union (AGU)

Subject

General Earth and Planetary Sciences,Geophysics

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