Statistical Analysis of Equatorial Plasma Bubbles Climatology and Multi‐Day Periodicity Using GOLD Observations

Author:

Aa Ercha1ORCID,Zhang Shun‐Rong1ORCID,Liu Guiping2ORCID,Eastes Richard W.3ORCID,Wang Wenbin4ORCID,Karan Deepak K.3ORCID,Qian Liying4ORCID,Coster Anthea J.1ORCID,Erickson Philip J.1ORCID,Derghazarian Sevag1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Haystack Observatory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Westford MA USA

2. ITM Physics Laboratory Heliophysics Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt MD USA

3. Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA

4. High Altitude Observatory National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO USA

Abstract

AbstractThis study develops a new Bubble Index to quantify the intensity of 2‐D postsunset equatorial plasma bubbles (EPBs) in the American/Atlantic sector, using Global‐scale Observations of the Limb and Disk (GOLD) nighttime data. A climatology and day‐to‐day variability analysis of EPBs is conducted based on the newly‐derived Bubble Index with the following results: (a) EPBs show considerable seasonal and solar activity dependence, with stronger (weaker) intensity around December (June) solstice and high (low) solar activity years. (b) EPBs exhibit opposite geomagnetic activity dependencies during different storm phases: EPBs are intensified concurrently with an increasing Kp, but are suppressed with high Kp occurring 3–6 hr earlier. (c) For the first time, we found that EPBs' day‐to‐day variation exhibited quasi‐3‐day and quasi‐6‐day periods. A coordinated analysis of Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) winds and ionosonde data suggests that this multi‐day periodicity was related to the planetary wave modulation through the wind‐driven dynamo.

Funder

National Science Foundation

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

Air Force Office of Scientific Research

Office of Naval Research

Publisher

American Geophysical Union (AGU)

Subject

General Earth and Planetary Sciences,Geophysics

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