Revisiting the Linkage Between the Pacific–Japan Pattern and Indian Summer Monsoon Rainfall: The Crucial Role of the Maritime Continent

Author:

Hu Peng12ORCID,Chen Wen12ORCID,Chen Shangfeng34ORCID,Yang Ruowen12ORCID,Wang Lin34ORCID,Liu Yuyun3ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Yunnan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disasters and Climate Resources in the Greater Mekong Subregion Yunnan University Kunming China

2. Department of Atmospheric Sciences Yunnan University Kunming China

3. Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

4. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

Abstract

AbstractThe Pacific–Japan (PJ) pattern traditionally refers to the meridional dipole mode of rainfall and the low‐level circulation over the tropical western North Pacific and mid‐latitude East Asia. However, recent studies have reported that the PJ pattern can also affect the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) via the anomalous circulation over the North Indian Ocean. We summarize the currently available PJ indices and re‐examine the linkage between the PJ pattern and the ISM. We found that the only PJ indices that are significantly correlated with rainfall in southern India are the two indices containing signals of the Maritime Continent. The Maritime Continent rainfall can also stimulate circulation anomalies in the North Indian Ocean, thereby strengthening the PJ–ISM linkage. When the signals associated with the Maritime Continent are removed, the PJ–ISM linkage becomes weak and insignificant. The PJ indices should be chosen carefully when studying the climatic impacts of the PJ pattern.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province

Publisher

American Geophysical Union (AGU)

Subject

General Earth and Planetary Sciences,Geophysics

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