Determining Levels of Search and Rescue Team’s Knowledge on Avalanche Search and Rescue

Abstract

Avalanches kill more than 150 people every year, although no one knows the exact figure. Additionally, the mortality rate in avalanche incidents may reach up to 70% due to factors such as the lack of knowledge, experience, and organization of search and rescue personnel. This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the awareness on avalanche and the level of knowledge on search and rescue among personnel who respond to avalanche incidents and participate in search and rescue activities. The sample consisted of 304 individuals who agreed to participate in the study between June and July 2021. Data were collected using an information form on socio-demographic characteristics and a survey prepared by the researchers upon the relevant literature review. It was found that while 65.8% of the participants were female, 34.2% were male. Their mean age was 29.69±8.50 years. The rate of those participating in search and rescue activities in case of a disaster was 44.1 %. The participants had a moderate level of knowledge on avalanche search and rescue as well as on-site medical management of avalanche victims. Those who participated in search and rescue activities in case of a disaster had a higher level of knowledge on avalanche search and rescue than those who did not. Those who were trained on avalanche search and rescue (preparedness, response) had higher levels of knowledge on avalanche search and rescue and on-site medical management of avalanche victims when compared to those who were not. As a consequence, it was determined that participation in search and rescue activities in a disaster increased the personnel’s level knowledge. Also, the related training elevated the levels of knowledge on both avalanche search and rescue and on-site medical management of avalanche victims.