Challenges of Distillery Effluent Treatment and its Bioremediation Using Microorganism: A Review.

Abstract

Waste management is a global issue with which the entire globe is currently grappling. The composition and characteristics of the pollutants in effluents are unknown, which poses the greatest worry. The Industrial Revolution has captured the attention of environmentalists worldwide. Their concern regarding the lethal effects of untreated industrial effluent wastewater is growing daily. Dealing with a range of hazardous compounds is costly and complicated, which hinders wastewater treatment. Recent years have paved the way for microorganisms to act as a low-cost source for detoxifying such a complex effluent mixture. Their simple availability and moderate cost make them the preferred technique. Bioremediation is the method of utilising the high and diversified metabolic activity of microorganisms to breakdown contaminants in industrial wastewater, particularly distillery effluent. Their readily available nature and affordable price make them the preferred option. Bioremediation is the process of using bacteria and other organisms with strong metabolic activity to breakdown contaminants in industrial effluents, particularly distillery effluents. Microorganisms like Bacteria fungi etc.,alone or in conjunction with other organisms, create an environment conducive to not only the breakdown of toxicants but also the production of some useful byproducts. This review focuses on distillery effluents, particularly melanoidins, and the reported microorganisms utilised for decolorization. The study combines a vast array of microorganisms that are utilised alone or in conjunction with other organisms in the decolorization process.