Analysis of Related Factors on The Vertebral Height Restoration of Percutaneous Vertebral Augmentation

Abstract

Background Percutaneous vertebral augmentation (PVA) is widely applied for the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral fractures. The degree of vertebral body height restoration and deformity correction after the procedure is not consistent. Methods We retrospectively reviewed 97 patients who underwent PVA, because of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. The following data about the patients were recorded: age, sex, bone density, number of treated vertebrae, severity of fracture of the treated vertebrae, operative approach (PVP or PKP), volume of injected bone cement, preoperative vertebral compression ratio, preoperative local kyphosis angle, cement leakage, postoperative vertebral body height restoration ratio, follow-up period, and latest follow-up height loss ratio. Bivariate regression analysis and t-test were applied for univariate analysis, while multivariate linear regression analysis was applied for multivariate analysis. Results The postoperative vertebral body height restoration ratio was (14.7% ± 15.2%), and the last follow-up height loss ratio was (13.5% ± 11.5%). The multivariate analysis showed that the number of treated vertebrae, preoperative vertebral compression ratio, and preoperative local kyphosis angle are the main factors influencing the postoperative vertebral body height restoration. The univariate analysis also showed that only the postoperative vertebral body height restoration ratio is related to the last follow-up height loss ratio. Conclusions The number of treated vertebrae, preoperative vertebral compression ratio, and preoperative local kyphosis angle are the main influencing factors of patients' vertebral body height restoration after PVA, and the postoperative vertebral body height restoration ratio is the main factor influencing the last follow-up height loss ratio.