Features of functional changes in blood vessels during the period of early recovery after static physical exercise

Abstract

The cardiovascular system is one of the leading functional systems of the body, which ensure and maintain the proper level of physical performance of the body during physical exertion. Bodybuilding is one of the areas of sports activity in which taking into account the individual characteristics of the adaptation of the circulatory system to powerful muscle work of significant intensity is decisive for building an optimal training regimen. Anatomical and physiological remodeling of the heart as a result of regular sports leads to changes in the pumping function of the myocardium, as well as indicators of central and peripheral hemodynamics. Currently, there is a problem of insufficient study of the functional changes of blood vessels in response to a static regime of physical exertion in the early post-workout period. The purpose of the research is to study the characteristics of the reaction of blood vessels during the early recovery period after dosed physical exertion of a static nature. During the study, 34 young men were examined in the following groups: 1 group – persons engaged in bodybuilding; 2 group – young men engaged in fitness; 3 group – untrained persons. Maximum arbitrary static force was determined in all examined persons using a static dynamometer DS-500, static load was modeled by holding on a static dynamometer for 30 seconds an effort corresponding to 50 % of the maximum static force. Functional changes of blood vessels and central hemodynamics were registered by the method of tetrapolar thoracic impedance rheoplethysmography using the computerized diagnostic complex “Cardio+” (Ukraine). Statistical data processing was carried out using the computer program IBM SPSS Statistics (version 26), using non-parametric methods of evaluating the obtained results. It was established that static exercise in young bodybuilders leads to an increase in minute blood volume due to optimal physiological changes in central hemodynamic parameters. In persons engaged in fitness and in untrained young men, the minute volume of blood decreases and circulation conditions deteriorate immediately after exercise, which complicates the processes of rapid recovery after physical exercise in a static mode. A decrease in vascular resistance to blood flow with a simultaneous increase in minute blood volume was revealed immediately after static exercise in young bodybuilders compared to individuals engaged in fitness and untrained individuals. It was established that the circulatory system of young bodybuilders is most optimally adapted to static loads compared to persons engaged in fitness and untrained young men.