Laparoscopic rectopexy

Abstract

Annotation. Rectal prolapse is the protrusion of the rectum through the anal canal. Predisposing conditions for the formation of rectal prolapse include: chronic straining with defecation and constipation, pregnancy, previous surgery, diarrhea, benign prostatic hypertrophy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, whooping cough, pelvic floor dysfunction, parasitic infections, neurological disorders. The main clinical signs of rectal prolapse are also gas and fecal incontinence, pain, defecation disorders, mucous, bloody secretions and/or bleeding from the anus. Surgical treatment is the main method of treatment for prolapse of the rectum, and today the laparoscopic approach is becoming more and more popular, the use of which has reduced the level of complications arising from abdominal access. The purpose of the work is to demonstrate a clinical case, evaluate the benefits, importance of implementation and widespread use of the laparoscopic method of rectal prolapse treatment. We analyzed the advantages of using laparoscopic surgery, compared to traditional methods of open surgical interventions, and which include: significantly less traumatization; absence of pain syndrome; absence of blood loss; lack of conditions for the development of complications from the postoperative wound and the development of postoperative hernias; absence of cosmetic defect; ensuring a quick recovery period, which significantly shortens the patient's stay in the hospital. And we also determined that it is necessary to implement and apply laparoscopic methods of treatment in the field of coloproctology, and in particular to use laparoscopic rectopexy as a priority method of treatment for rectal prolapse.