The state of health and adaptation of children with the identified abnormally attached chords of the left ventricle

Abstract

Annotation. In recent years, there has been a growing focus among medical professionals and researchers on examining and understanding the various manifestations of connective tissue dysplasia syndrome (CTD). A common anatomical defect of the heart is the presence of abnormally attached chords (AAC) within its chambers. The aim of the work is to conduct a clinical examination of children with AAC in the left ventricle to identify symptoms that will allow predicting of possible diseases and preventing their occurrence. A clinical examination of 92 children aged 13 to 17 was carried out. The main group consisted of 62 children with confirmed additional AAC, identified through Doppler echocardiography. The AAC had a transverse orientation in the left ventricle of the heart. The control group consisted of 30 practically healthy children. The examination included a thorough collection of medical history (compulsory communication with parents) and the assessment of autonomic regulation (AR) using the tilt table test (TTT). To assess the research findings, we utilized both absolute and relative statistical indicators using the Microsoft Excel program on an IBM PC/AT computer. Differences between the results of the two samples, which followed a normal distribution, were evaluated using the parametric Student's t-test. Analysis of the obtained anamnesis data showed that mothers of children with AAC had various extragenital pathologies before and during pregnancy. The reported data primarily consisted of information regarding the presence of cardiovascular diseases, as well as conditions such as pyelonephritis, chronic gastritis, and allergic diseases. Additionally, multiple types of hereditary connective tissue disorders were confirmed among the family members of the children being examined. The antenatal anamnesis was mainly aggravated by early toxicosis of pregnancy and the occurrence of intrauterine hypoxia. Among the most common complaints in children with AAC were: increased fatigue, weakness, reduced work capacity, lack of endurance during physical exertion, periodic cardiac pain, increased heartbeat, headache, dizziness, and intermittent abdominal pain. In the examined individuals, the excessive AR was mainly determined in the form of a hyperadrenergic variant. Insufficient involvement of the sympathoadrenal system was manifested mostly in the form of an asympaticotonic variant. Mixed variants (sympathicoasthenic and asthenosympathetic) occurred rarely. So, the state of vegetative homeostasis in this group of children requires more detailed study to further correct and prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases.