Investigation of adverse effects following COVID-19 immunization: A comparison of six vaccines in Pakistan

Abstract

Aim: This survey was created to find out the prevalence of immunized people and its objectives include evaluating how the general public responded to the six different COVID-19 vaccination and the range and severity of six COVID-19 vaccine adverse effects that participants self-reported. Methodology: A cross-sectional survey using questionnaires was carried out. The development and proper validation of a self-administered questionnaire were completed. SPSS version 23.0 was used to analyze data. For statistical evaluation, descriptive analysis was used to determine demographic frequency and percentage, other questions, and adverse effects. Analysis of associations between study variables was done using chi-square tests. Each participant gave verbal consent before the collection of data. The participants’ confidentiality was protected. Results: A total of 493 participants were enrolled in the study, with 42.6% of them falling between the age range of 21 to 30 years. A total of 493 people had acquired vaccinations; of these, 25.96% had obtained Sinopharm, 22.31% had received Cansino Pakvac, 16.63% had acquired Pfizer, 12.57% had given Sinovac, 11.96% had obtained Moderna, and 10.54% had received AstraZeneca. These vaccines’ most significant adverse effects included injection site pain, fever, headache, weariness, myalgia, joint pain, and chills. Conclusion: Even though after receiving the first dose of the vaccination, over 55% of those who received it reported musculoskeletal side effects, such as muscle aches and fatigue, we found that participants generally accepted the vaccination. After obtaining the second vaccine shot, it was observed that participants did not have as many adverse effects.