Evaluation of force feedback in walking using joint torques as “naturalistic” stimuli

Author:

Zill Sasha N.1ORCID,Dallmann Chris J.2ORCID,S. Szczecinski Nicholas3ORCID,Büschges Ansgar4ORCID,Schmitz Josef5

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biomedical Sciences, Joan C. Edwards School of Medicine, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia

2. Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington

3. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia

4. Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Zoology, Biocenter, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

5. Department of Biological Cybernetics, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany

Abstract

Sensory encoding of forces during walking by campaniform sensilla was characterized in stick insects using waveforms of joint torques calculated by inverse dynamics as mechanical stimuli. Tests using the mean joint torque and torques of individual steps showed the system is highly sensitive to force dynamics (dF/dt). Use of “naturalistic” stimuli can reproduce characteristics of sensory discharges seen in freely walking insects, such as load transfer among legs.

Funder

West Virginia Clinical and Translation Science Institute

Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft

National Science Foundation

Publisher

American Physiological Society

Subject

Physiology,General Neuroscience

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