Chronically and acutely exercised rats: biomarkers of oxidative stress and endogenous antioxidants

Author:

Liu Jiankang1,Yeo Helen C.1,Övervik-Douki Eva1,Hagen Tory1,Doniger Stephanie J.1,Chu Daniel W.1,Brooks George A.2,Ames Bruce N.1

Affiliation:

1. Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, and

2. The Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 74720

Abstract

The responses to oxidative stress induced by chronic exercise (8-wk treadmill running) or acute exercise (treadmill running to exhaustion) were investigated in the brain, liver, heart, kidney, and muscles of rats. Various biomarkers of oxidative stress were measured, namely, lipid peroxidation [malondialdehyde (MDA)], protein oxidation (protein carbonyl levels and glutamine synthetase activity), oxidative DNA damage (8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine), and endogenous antioxidants (ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, glutathione, ubiquinone, ubiquinol, and cysteine). The predominant changes are in MDA, ascorbic acid, glutathione, cysteine, and cystine. The mitochondrial fraction of brain and liver showed oxidative changes as assayed by MDA similar to those of the tissue homogenate. Our results show that the responses of the brain to oxidative stress by acute or chronic exercise are quite different from those in the liver, heart, fast muscle, and slow muscle; oxidative stress by acute or chronic exercise elicits different responses depending on the organ tissue type and its endogenous antioxidant levels.

Publisher

American Physiological Society

Subject

Physiology (medical),Physiology

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