Catecholamine responses to α-adrenergic blockade during exercise in women acutely exposed to altitude

Abstract

We have previously documented the importance of the sympathetic nervous system in acclimatizing to high altitude in men. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the extent to which α-adrenergic blockade affects the sympathoadrenal responses to exercise during acute high-altitude exposure in women. Twelve eumenorrheic women (24.7 ± 1.3 yr, 70.6 ± 2.6 kg) were studied at sea level and on day 2 of high-altitude exposure (4,300-m hypobaric chamber) in either their follicular or luteal phase. Subjects performed two graded-exercise tests at sea level (on separate days) on a bicycle ergometer after 3 days of taking either a placebo or an α-blocker (3 mg/day prazosin). Subjects also performed two similar exercise tests while at altitude. Effectiveness of blockade was determined by phenylephrine challenge. At sea level, plasma norepinephrine levels during exercise were 48% greater when subjects were α-blocked compared with their placebo trial. This difference was only 25% when subjects were studied at altitude. Plasma norepinephrine values were significantly elevated at altitude compared with sea level but to a greater extent for the placebo (↑59%) vs. blocked (↑35%) trial. A more dramatic effect of both altitude (↑104% placebo vs. 95% blocked) and blockade (↑50% sea level vs. 44% altitude) was observed for plasma epinephrine levels during exercise. No phase differences were observed across any condition studied. It was concluded that α-adrenergic blockade 1) resulted in a compensatory sympathoadrenal response during exercise at sea level and altitude, and 2) this effect was more pronounced for plasma epinephrine.