Longitudinal elastic wave propagation in pulmonary parenchyma

Abstract

Consideration of the lung as an elastic continuum led us to investigate the possible propagation of elastic waves. Here the relevant stiffness and density are given by the Lame constants and density of the parenchyma. To test this hypothesis, we measured propagation velocities (c) in dog lobes by recording transit times of a velocity impulse on one side of the lobe and the subsequent arrival on the other side. We compared our measured values of c with elastic longitudinal wave velocities (c long) predicted by values of elastic moduli given by Lai-Fook et al. (J. Appl. Physiol. 40: 508–513, 1976) as a function of translobar pressure (PL) and our measured densities. Good agreement was found between c and c long. Typical values of c ranged from 250–1,500 cm/s as PL ranged from 2–20 cmH2O. No systematic difference in the c-c long relation was found between inflation and deflation, suggesting that the elastic moduli of lungs are essentially a function of pressure. No significant effect was observed by changing the physical properties of the gas within the lobe [air vs. He vs. sulfur hexafluoride (SF6)], suggesting that indeed we were observing waves associated with the coupling of parenchymal density to parenchymal stiffness.