Effects of irradiation of chest on pulmonary function in man

Abstract

Fifteen patients, free from cardiac and pulmonary disease, but receiving radiotherapy for carcinoma of the breast or carcinoma of the lung, were studied to determine the effect of irradiation on pulmonary function. Lung volumes, the distribution of inspired air, the levels of gases in the arterial blood, the diffusing capacity of the lung, and the mechanics of breathing were measured before and at varying intervals after the completion of radiotherapy. The results showed: early and progressive reduction of inspiratory capacity (IC) and residual volume (RV), decreasing the total lung capacity (TLC) without changing the RV/TLC ratio; unchanged distribution of inspired air; mild hypoxemia at rest; reduced diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide; and an early and progressive decrease in pulmonary compliance. These observations indicate that irradiation of the chest is complicated by a decrease in lung volumes, an impairment of the diffusing capacity, and an increase in the work of breathing. Submitted on September 6, 1960