Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 expression in COPD and IPF fibroblasts: the forgotten cell in COVID-19

Author:

Aloufi Noof12,Traboulsi Hussein1,Ding Jun13ORCID,Fonseca Gregory J.14,Nair Parameswaran5,Huang Steven K.6ORCID,Hussain Sabah N. A.12,Eidelman David H.4,Baglole Carolyn J.1247

Affiliation:

1. Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

2. Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

3. Department of Computational Biology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

4. Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

5. Department of Medicine, McMaster University & St. Joseph’s Healthcare, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada

6. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan

7. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome leading to death in susceptible individuals. For those who recover, post-COVID-19 complications may include development of pulmonary fibrosis. Factors contributing to disease severity or development of complications are not known. Using computational analysis with experimental data, we report that idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)- and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-derived lung fibroblasts express higher levels of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), the receptor for SARS-CoV-2 entry and part of the renin-angiotensin system that is antifibrotic and anti-inflammatory. In preclinical models, we found that chronic exposure to cigarette smoke, a risk factor for both COPD and IPF and potentially for SARS-CoV-2 infection, significantly increased pulmonary ACE2 protein expression. Further studies are needed to understand the functional implications of ACE2 on lung fibroblasts, a cell type that thus far has received relatively little attention in the context of COVID-19.

Funder

Gouvernement du Canada | CIHR | Institute of Health Services and Policy Research

Canada Foundation for Innovation

Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Société et Culture

Taibah University

Publisher

American Physiological Society

Subject

Cell Biology,Physiology (medical),Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine,Physiology

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