Let’s talk about sex in the context of COVID-19

Author:

Gargaglioni Luciane H.1ORCID,Marques Danuzia A.2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology, FCAVJ-UNESP-São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, Brazil

2. Department of Pediatrics, Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Université Laval, Québec, Canada

Abstract

In recent months, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has sent many countries into crisis. Studies have shown that this virus causes worse outcomes and a higher mortality in men than in women. It has been recognized that sex can affect the immune response to a pathogenic agent, as well as the susceptibility for some respiratory diseases. These different responses in males and females may be related to the actions of sex hormones. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) acts as the receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes COVID-19. The expression of ACE2 is influenced by sex hormones; therefore, we discuss in this article that this could be one of the reasons why COVID-19 is more prevalent in men than in women.

Funder

São Paulo Research Foundation

MCTI | Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Publisher

American Physiological Society

Subject

Physiology (medical),Physiology

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