Vasopressin and urine flow rate responses to stress in conscious dogs

Abstract

Behavioral stress increases arterial pressure while decreasing urine flow rate; the urine flow rate response can be abolished by surgical renal denervation. In this study, the effects of infusion of alpha-adrenoceptor antagonists (intravenous phenoxybenzamine or prazosin) on the antidiuretic and plasma vasopressin responses to stress were examined. Without alpha-adrenoceptor blockade, 20 min of stress increased arterial pressure and decreased urine flow rate, but no change in urine osmolality or plasma vasopressin concentration occurred. Arterial pressure and urine flow rate returned to base-line level during a 20-min recovery period. With alpha-adrenoceptor blockade, which prevented the arterial pressure response to stress, urine flow rate still decreased during stress, but urine osmolality and plasma vasopressin concentration increased. The decrease in urine flow rate and increase in urine osmolality and plasma vasopressin concentration persisted into the first 20-min recovery period but returned to base-line level during a second 20-min recovery period. We conclude that the antidiuretic response to behavioral stress in conscious dogs with saline infusion alone is not mediated via a change in vasopressin release. In contrast, the antidiuretic response to behavioral stress with alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist infusion may be mediated via an increased release of vasopressin.