Renal excretion of phosphate and calcium in parathyroidectomized starlings

Abstract

Renal excretion patterns of calcium, phosphate, sodium, and potassium were studied in parathyroidectomized (PTX) and parathyroid extract (PTE)-injected PTX starlings. Sturnus vulgaris. Anesthetized birds (Equi-Thesin or Dial) were infused intravenously with 2.5% mannitol containing [14C]inulin. PTX caused significant hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia, increased relative calcium clearance (CCa/CIn), and decreased relative clearances of phosphate and potassium, but did not change the clearance of sodium. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR=CIn) and urine flow remained unchanged up to 2 h after PTX. PTE administration 3 h after PTX returned serum calcium and phosphate values to control levels and caused a transient (10-min) increase in GFR. Following PTE, the relative clearances of phosphate, sodium- and potassium increased, while that of calcium decreased significantly relative to the PTX levels. PTE caused net tubular secretion of phosphate, decreased tubular reabsorption of sodium and potassium (sometimes potassium secretion), and a return of excretion of calcium to control levels. These studies indicate that the parathyroid role in calcium and phosphate homeostasis in starlings is predominantly on the kidney.