Blood flow response to muscle contractions is more closely related to metabolic rate than contractile work

Abstract

The magnitude of the blood flow response to exercise has been linked to both the contractile work performed and the metabolic cost of the activity. Under certain conditions, contractile work and metabolic cost may be dissociated. This study examined the blood flow response to trains of contractions when contraction duration was manipulated under conditions of similar tension-time indexes (isometric analog of work). Previous investigations have shown that trains of short-duration contractions have a greater ATP utilization, which may result from an augmented ion transport required for muscle activation and relaxation. On the basis of these findings, we hypothesized that the blood flow response would be greater to a train of short-duration contractions than a train of long-duration contractions. Canine gastrocnemius-plantaris muscle ( n = 8) was isolated, and blood flow assessed with an ultrasound flow probe placed around the popliteal artery. The sciatic nerve was stimulated to produce two contraction protocols that resulted in similar contraction-to-rest ratios: short duration: 0.25 s/0.75 s vs. long duration: 1 s /3 s. In accord with the design of the experiment, the tension-time indexes were identical for the two contraction protocols (short: 18.6 ± 1.0 vs. long: 18.6 ± 1.0 kN·s). Steady-state oxygen consumption was greater in the short-duration contractions (17.2 ± 0.9 ml·100 g−1·min−1) than in the long-duration contractions (11.7 ± 0.7 ml·100 g−1·min−1). Similarly, the steady-state blood flow was greater in contractions of short duration (125 ± 7 ml/min) compared with long-duration contractions (92 ± 7 ml/min). Contractions of short duration resulted in significantly higher oxygen consumptions and blood flows compared with contractions of long duration despite the same total contractile work. The blood flow response to muscle contraction appears to be more closely associated with muscle metabolism than contractile work performed.