Impact of aerobic exercise, sex, and metabolic syndrome on markers of oxidative stress: results from the Brain in Motion study

Author:

Rytz Chantal L.123,Pialoux Vincent456,Mura Mathilde4,Martin Agnès4,Hogan David B.73,Hill Michael D.389,Poulin Marc J.123810ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

2. Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

3. Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

4. Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité EA 7424, Villeurbanne, France

5. Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France

6. Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France

7. Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

8. Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

9. Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

10. Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Abstract

Oxidative stress may be involved in disease pathology and dependent on both modifiable and nonmodifiable factors. This study aimed to assess exercise-induced changes in markers of oxidative stress among older, sedentary adults and to determine the effects of metabolic syndrome (MetS) status, aerobic capacity, age, sex, and weight on these biomarkers. Two hundred and six participants (means ± SE; 66.8 ± 6.4 yr, 104 women) of the Brain in Motion study underwent a 6-mo aerobic exercise intervention. At three time points, venous blood samples were collected and analyzed for markers of oxidative stress [advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), malondialdehyde (MDA), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) and antioxidant status: catalase, uric acid (UA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP)]. AOPP levels significantly decreased after 6 mo of aerobic exercise ( P = 0.003). This decrease was not modified by MetS status ( P = 0.183). Subjects with MetS possessed significantly higher levels of AOPP ( P < 0.001), MDA ( P = 0.004), and FRAP ( P = 0.049) across the intervention ( months 0–6). Men possessed significantly higher levels of FRAP ( P < 0.001), catalase ( P = 0.023), and UA ( P = 0.037) across the intervention ( months 0–6). Sex-MetS status interaction analyses revealed that the effect of MetS is highly sex dependent. These findings are multifaceted because the effect of MetS status seems distinctly different between sexes, pointing to the importance of acknowledging modifiable and nonmodifiable factor differences in individuals who possess conditions where oxidative stress may be part of the etiology. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Oxidative stress is implicated in a myriad of conditions, namely cardiovascular disease risk factors. This article details the effect of aerobic exercise, sex, and metabolic syndrome on markers of oxidative stress. We conclude that 6 mo of aerobic exercise significantly decreased oxidative stress, and further, that there is an effect of metabolic syndrome status on oxidative stress and antioxidant status levels, which are highly dependent on the sex of the individual.

Funder

Gouvernement du Canada | Canadian Institutes of Health Research

Publisher

American Physiological Society

Subject

Physiology (medical),Physiology

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