1. Division of Respiratory and Critical Care Physiology and Medicine, The Lundquist Institute for Biomedical Innovation at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California
2. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
3. Department of Respiratory, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
4. Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California