Role of cAMP in activation of ischemically sensitive abdominal visceral afferents

Abstract

A number of metabolites produced during abdominal ischemia can stimulate and/or sensitize visceral afferents. The precise mechanisms whereby these metabolites act are uncertain. Other studies have shown that the adenylate cyclase-cAMP system may be involved in the activation of sensory neurons. Therefore, we hypothesized that cAMP contributes to the activation of ischemically sensitive abdominal visceral afferents. Single-unit activity of abdominal visceral C fibers was recorded from the right thoracic sympathetic chain in anesthetized cats before and during 7 min of abdominal ischemia. Forty-six percent of ischemically sensitive C fibers responded to intra-arterial injection of 8-bromo-cAMP (0.35–1.0 mg/kg), an analog of cAMP, with responses during ischemia increasing from 0.50 ± 0.06 to 0.84 ± 0.08 impulses/s ( P < 0.05, n = 11 C fibers). Conversely, an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase, 2′,5′-dideoxyadenosine (DDA; 0.1 mg/kg iv), attenuated ischemia-induced increase in activity of afferents from 0.66 ± 0.10 to 0.34 ± 0.09 impulses/s ( P < 0.05; n = 8). Furthermore, whereas exogenous PGE2 (3–4 μg/kg ia) augmented the ischemia-induced increase in activity of afferents ( P < 0.05, n = 10), treatment with DDA (0.1 mg/kg iv) substantially reduced the increase in discharge activity of afferents during ischemia, which was augmented by PGE2 (1.45 ± 0.24 vs. 0.70 ± 0.09 impulses/s, −DDA vs. +DDA; P < 0.05) in six fibers. A time control group ( n = 4), however, demonstrated similar increases in the activity of afferents with repeated administration of PGE2. These data suggest that cAMP contributes to the activation of abdominal visceral afferents during ischemia, particularly to the action of PGs on activation and/or sensitization of these endings.