Obesity-induced cognitive impairment in older adults: a microvascular perspective

Author:

Balasubramanian Priya1ORCID,Kiss Tamas12,Tarantini Stefano134,Nyúl-Tóth Ádám15,Ahire Chetan1,Yabluchanskiy Andriy1ORCID,Csipo Tamas136ORCID,Lipecz Agnes13,Tabak Adam378,Institoris Adam9,Csiszar Anna12,Ungvari Zoltan1234

Affiliation:

1. Vascular Cognitive Impairment and Neurodegeneration Program, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Center for Geroscience and Healthy Brain Aging/Reynolds Oklahoma Center on Aging, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

2. International Training Program in Geroscience, Theoretical Medicine Doctoral School, Departments of Medical Physics and Informatics & Cell Biology and Molecular Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary

3. International Training Program in Geroscience, Doctoral School of Basic and Translational Medicine, Department of Public Health, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

4. Department of Health Promotion Sciences, the Hudson College of Public Health, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

5. International Training Program in Geroscience, Institute of Biophysics, Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary

6. International Training Program in Geroscience, Division of Clinical Physiology, Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

7. Department of Internal Medicine and Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary

8. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom

9. Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada

Abstract

Over two-thirds of individuals aged 65 and older are obese or overweight in the United States. Epidemiological data show an association between the degree of adiposity and cognitive dysfunction in the elderly. In this review, the pathophysiological roles of microvascular mechanisms, including impaired endothelial function and neurovascular coupling responses, microvascular rarefaction, and blood-brain barrier disruption in the genesis of cognitive impairment in geriatric obesity are considered. The potential contribution of adipose-derived factors and fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms of senescence to exacerbated obesity-induced cerebromicrovascular impairment and cognitive decline in aging are discussed.

Funder

HHS | NIH | National Institute on Aging

Publisher

American Physiological Society

Subject

Physiology (medical),Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine,Physiology

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