Middle cerebral artery remodeling following transient brain ischemia is linked to early postischemic hyperemia: A target of uric acid treatment

Author:

Onetti Yara1,Dantas Ana P.2,Pérez Belén1,Cugota Roger1,Chamorro Angel3,Planas Anna M.4,Vila Elisabet1,Jiménez-Altayó Francesc1

Affiliation:

1. Facultat de Medicina, Departament de Farmacologia, Terapèutica i Toxicologia, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain;

2. Institut Clínic del Tòrax, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain;

3. Functional Unit of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain; and

4. Departament d'Isquèmia Cerebral i Neurodegeneració, Institut de Recerca Biomèdica, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain

Abstract

Ischemia impairs blood supply to the brain, and reperfusion is important to restore cerebral blood flow (CBF) and rescue neurons from cell death. However, reperfusion can induce CBF values exceeding the basal values before ischemia. This hyperemic effect has been associated with a worse ischemic brain damage, albeit the mechanisms that contribute to infarct expansion are not clear. In this study, we investigated the influence of early postischemic hyperemia on brain damage and middle cerebral artery (MCA) properties and the effect of treatment with the endogenous antioxidant uric acid (UA). The MCA was occluded for 90 min followed by 24 h reperfusion in adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. Cortical CBF increases at reperfusion beyond 20% of basal values were taken as indicative of hyperemia. UA (16 mg/kg) or vehicle (Locke's buffer) was administered intravenously 135 min after MCA occlusion. Hyperemic compared with nonhyperemic rats showed MCA wall thickening (sham: 22.4 ± 0.8 μm; nonhyperemic: 23.1 ± 1.2 μm; hyperemic: 27.8 ± 0.9 at 60 mmHg; P < 0.001, hyperemic vs. sham) involving adventitial cell proliferation, increased oxidative stress, and interleukin-18, and more severe brain damage. Thus MCA remodeling after ischemia-reperfusion takes place under vascular oxidative and inflammatory stress conditions linked to hyperemia. UA administration attenuated MCA wall thickening, induced passive lumen expansion, and reduced brain damage in hyperemic rats, although it did not increase brain UA concentration. We conclude that hyperemia at reperfusion following brain ischemia induces vascular damage that can be attenuated by administration of the endogenous antioxidant UA.

Funder

Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN)

Laboratorios Almirall

Generalitat de Catalunya (Government of Catalonia)

Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness | Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Carlos III Health Institute)

Publisher

American Physiological Society

Subject

Physiology (medical),Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine,Physiology

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