1. Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
2. Pauley Heart Center, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, Virginia
3. Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
4. Cardiology Section, Medical Service, McGuire Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia
5. Cardiothoracic Surgery Section, Surgical Service, McGuire Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, Virginia