Serum biomarkers in patients with stable and acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A comparative study

Abstract

Summary Background Mean platelet volume (MPV), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have all been investigated as novel inflammatory markers of cardiac and oncological diseases, while there is only a limited number of studies investigating these markers in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In the present study we examine NLR, PLR; and other markers, such as eosinophil, MPV, plateletcrit (PCT), platelet distribution width (PDW), red cell distribution width (RDW), and C-reactive protein (CRP) in patients with stable and acute exacerbation of COPD. Methods Stable COPD (Group 1, n=140), COPD with acute exacerbation (Group 2, n=110), and healthy controls (Group 3, n=50) were included in the study. Leukocyte, CRP, hemoglobin (HB), RDW, platelet, MPV, PCT, PDW, neutrophil, lymphocyte, eosinophil, NLR, and PLR were analyzed in all groups. Results HB, leukocyte, platelet, neutrophil, eosinophil, MPV, PCT, CRP, NLR, and PLR were significantly higher, while the lymphocyte was lower in Group 1 than in Group 3. Leukocyte, neutrophil, RDW, CRP, NLR, and PLR were significantly higher, while lymphocyte was lower in Group 2 than in Group 3. Leukocyte, neutrophil, RDW, CRP, NLR, and PLR were significantly higher, while HB, platelet, MPV, PCT, and lymphocyte were significantly lower in Group 2 than in Group 1. NLR and PLR increased significantly in patients with bronchiectasis when compared to those without in Group 1. Conclusions Our study results suggest that NLR, PLR and RDW can be used as simple and cost-effective markers for the evaluation of severity of exacerbation and for predicting hospitalization and further exacerbations in patients with COPD.