Ieredactylus rivuli gen. et sp. nov. (Monogenea, Gyrodactylidae) from Rivulus hartii (Cyprinodontiformes, Rivulidae) in Trinidad

Abstract

AbstractA new genus and species of Gyrodactylidae, Ieredactylus rivuli gen. et sp. nov. (Platyhelminthes, Monogenea), is described from the skin of Hart’s Rivulus (Rivulus hartii Boulenger), a cyprinodontiform fish collected from streams of the Caroni and Oropouche drainages and the Pitch Lake in Trinidad (prevalence all localities: 16.7–94.6%; mean parasite intensity 1–9 parasites/fish; range 1–34) with the holotype originating from a tributary of the Aripo River. This viviparous monogenean is distinctive from other genera of Gyrodactylidae by its split ventral bar membrane, the shape of its male copulatory organ, the presence of two conical accessory pieces associated with the hamulus root and two differently shaped marginal hook sickles. Its unique rDNA sequence shows the closest ITS2 similarity (70%) to Gyrodactyloides andriaschewii Bychowsky et Poljansky, 1953. The presence of I. rivuli gen. et sp. nov. in the Pitch Lake indicates an adaptation to extreme environmental conditions such as high temperatures and hydrocarbons and adverse pH. Guppies may potentially serve as temporary hosts. The parasite displays distinct behaviours, including a characteristic ‘swimming-like’ movement. The ecology and phylogeny of I. rivuli gen. et sp. nov. is discussed in relation to the diversity of other gyrodactylids in Trinidad.