A Comparison of Maximum Permissible Concentrations for Pesticides in Brazilian Water Supply
Author:
Leite Luan Carlos Octaviano Ferreira1, Boulomytis Vassiliki Terezinha Galvao22, Alberti Marcio Alexandre3, Silva Luciene Pimentel da14
Affiliation:
1. 1 Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences (PPGMA) , State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Brazil Faculty of Civil Engineering, Federal Institute of Science, Education and Technology of Sao Paulo (IFSP) , Brazil 2. Department of Sustainability and Climate Change , City of Port Phillip , Melbourne , Australia 3. 4 Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science DiSAAT , University of Bari , Italy 4. 5 Graduate Program in Urban Management (PPGTU) , Pontifical Catholic University of Parana (PUCPR) , Brazil
Abstract
Abstract
Pesticides have been used for a long time in agriculture to prevent the growth of undesired organisms. However, depending on the type of production (i.e., conventional, organic, and regenerative), they might not be applied. Adequate types and uses of pesticides should not cause any damage to any non-target species or environments due to the exposure to it, especially if all farming operations have been done properly. Reversely, when pesticides are applied in inappropriate time, amount or technique, they may cause several impacts, among which is water contamination. Brazil stands out worldwide for its agricultural potential, but it is exposed to risks concerning the water supply security to its population. The current study is a comparison of the Maximum Permissible Concentrations (MPC) for pesticides in potable water supply in Brazil with the values set in the United States, Canada, European Union countries, Japan, and the guidelines issued by the World Health Organization. The regulations of each country were used, as well as the trading, consumption and agricultural production data. The Brazilian regulation is the one accounting for the largest number of pesticides. However, their MPC is 5,000 times more permissible than that from the European Union for the herbicide known as glyphosate, 300 times than that for 2,4-d and 20 times than that for atrazine. Finally, it was possible to observe the relevance of revising the regulation and public policies in place to minimize the indiscriminate use of pesticides in Brazil and adapt these compounds to the standards in a global level.
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Subject
General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,Ecology,Geography, Planning and Development,Global and Planetary Change
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