Evaluation of Nasal Decongestants by Literature Review

Author:

Petkovic Stasa1,Maletic Ivana2,Djuric Sonja3,Dragutinovic Ninoslava4,Milovanovic Olivera5

Affiliation:

1. Health Institution - Pharmacy Benu , Belgrade , Serbia

2. KBC Zemun, Clinic of ENT , Belgrade , Serbia

3. Gentext Research Group , University of Valencia , Spain

4. Health system Medi Group, Department of ENT , Belgrade , Serbia

5. University of Kragujevac , Serbia , Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy

Abstract

Abstract Over-the-counter drugs are medicines that are available to consumers without a prescription. The most common оver - the-counter preparations in self - medication are nasal decongestants that can be used systemically or locally in the form of drops or nasal sprays. The most common indications for nasal decongest-ants are viral infections and allergic conditions in order to alleviate the symptoms so it is necessary to inform the users about the type of drug, the active substance it contains and the correct dosage regimen. Given their availability and the prevailing safety precaution, these preparations can lead to numerous prolonged conditions and complications. The mechanism of action of nasal decongestants is based on the reduction of blood vessels’ swelling in the nose, which helps the opening of the airway. As a result, most nasal decongestants cause vasoconstriction (narrowing of blood vessels). There are nasal decongestants that block histamine and have a good effect on people who suffer from seasonal allergies. Availability (free sale) and prolonged use of the decongestant lead to a decrease in the sensitivity of the alpha receptor, which leads to the need to increase the dose at shorter time intervals to achieve the same effect. As a consequence, patients use excessive, uncontrolled doses of nasal decongestants, which is a public problem and warns of the necessity of identification and the taking of measures to prevent their uncontrolled procurement and use.

Publisher

Walter de Gruyter GmbH

Subject

General Medicine

Reference56 articles.

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2. 2. U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). (2013). Over-the-Counter Medicines: What’s Right for You? Retrieved February 20, 2013, from March 09, 2013, from

3. 3. https://www.fda.gov/drugs/resourcesforyou/consumers/buyingusingmedicinesafely/understandingover-thecountermedicines/choosingtherightover-the-counter-medicineotcs/ucm150299.htm

4. 4. Bond, C., Blenkinsopp, A. & Raynor, D. K. (2012). Prescribing and partnership with patients. British journal of clinical pharmacology. 74(4): 581-588. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04330.x.10.1111/j.1365-2125.2012.04330.x

5. 5. Westerlund, T., Barzi, S. & Bernsten, C. (2017). Consumer views on safety of over-the-counter drugs, preferred retailers and information sources in Sweden: after re-regulation of the pharmacy market. Pharmacy practice. 15(1): 894. DOI: 10.1007/s11096-012-9724-1.10.1007/s11096-012-9724-1

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