Endoscopic Mucosal Phenotypes in the Helicobacter Pylori Infection

Abstract

Abstract Introduction. H. pylori infection occurs secondary to the bacterial colonisation of the stomach and the first portion of the small intestine. Patients infected with H. pylori can develop gastritis, peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, and MALT lymphoma. H. pylori infection is defined as a type I carcinogen by the WHO, and its role in gastric carcinogenesis is sustained by many studies. Objectives. The objective of this study was the description and correlation of the endoscopic aspect of the gastric mucosa in the Helicobacter pylori infection and the incidence in a selected patient group. Material and method. The study was conducted in the “Dr Carol Davila” Central Military University Emergency Hospital, Section of Gastroenterology, Department of digestive endoscopy, during a period of 12 months (2012--2013) on 1690 consecutive examinations on patients with ages between 18 and 92 years, with a retrospective cohort analytic study. As diagnosis method of the individuals infected with H. pylori, upper digestive endoscopy was used.During the intervention, biopsieswere taken and rapid urease tests were performed. Results. Regarding the variation of these endoscopic aspects within the examined population, we determined the fact that we encounter in the highest percentage gastritis with all its forms according to the Sidney classification (described below) which represents 59.3%, followed by endoscopic determination with a normal aspect in 18.8% of cases, then follows ulcer with a percentage of 10.33%, followed by duodenitis with 8.67%, and finally the most severe conditions, gastric cancer and lymphoma, reaching only 2.70% and 0.18%, respectively, of the general population examined endoscopically.