Effects of vitamin C and magnesium L-threonate treatment on learning and memory in lead-poisoned mice

Abstract

Abstract Introduction The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin C (vit C) and magnesium L-threonate (MgT) on the learning ability and memory of mice intoxicated with lead acetate. Material and Methods The experimental male Swiss albinos were divided into five groups of 10 during a 40-day treatment period. One group were untreated controls, one received lead acetate at 90 mg/kg b.w., one additionally vit C at 40 mg/kg b.w., another additionally MgT at 100 mg/kg b.w., and the last was administered MgT without lead acetate. After a 20-day washout period, the animals were trained in the Morris water maze test for 6 days and after a 24-hour interval, were assessed for memory in the same test. At test end the mice were sacrificed and their organs sampled. Results The results of total time and number of entries into the platform zone showed that significantly poorer performances were recorded for the group poisoned with lead acetate alone and significantly lower scores for learning and memory were recorded for the intoxicated and supplemented groups compared to the control group. Catalase activity was significantly reduced in the liver, pancreas and kidney but significantly potentiated in brain tissue by these two supplements compared to the control group. Lead concentration in brain tissue was significantly higher in the presence of vit C than in the control or lead acetate-only groups. Conclusion Lead acetate had adverse effects on learning and memory of mice and also increased catalase activity.