Genotoxic effect of cadmium and zinc in the peripheral erythrocytes of Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio B.)
Author:
Drąg-Kozak Ewa1, Kuchta-Gładysz Marta2, Grzesiakowska Anna2, Łuszczek-Trojnar Ewa1, Socha Magdalena3
Affiliation:
1. Department of Animal Nutrition and Biotechnology, and Fisheries , Kraków , Poland 2. Department of Animal Reproduction, Anatomy and Genomics , Kraków , Poland 3. Department of Animal Physiology and Endocrinology, University of Agriculture in Krakow , 30-059 Kraków , Poland
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Cadmium and zinc are often found in aquatic environment and may accumulate in living organisms. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic effect of Cd, Zn, and their binary mixture on the peripheral blood erythrocytes of Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio B.).
Material and Methods
The fish were exposed to 4.0 mg/L Cd, 4.0 mg/L Zn or a mixture of 4.0 mg/L Cd and 4.0 mg/L Zn for a period of 14, 21 or 28 days. Genotoxic effects were investigated in peripheral blood cells using the comet assay and the erythrocyte micronucleus assay.
Results
The results demonstrated that the frequencies of micronuclei (MN) and both nuclear and cellular abnormalities in erythrocytes were significantly higher in all exposure groups as compared to the control group. The fish exposed to the mixture of Cd and Zn presented the highest frequency of MN. Furthermore, there was a decrease in the frequency of MN and an increase in the occurrence of DNA integrity defects (DNA damage) with longer time of exposure to the metals studied.
Conclusion
Erythrocyte micronucleus and comet assays confirmed the genotoxicity of Cd and Zn. The results of the tests applied (which showed considerable variability) suggest the involvement of various toxicity mechanisms. Therefore, an integrative and comprehensive approach, using a set of assays for toxicity profile determination, should be adopted during ecotoxicological studies and environmental risk assessment pertaining to these elements.
Publisher
Walter de Gruyter GmbH
Subject
General Veterinary
Reference40 articles.
1. Abu Bakar S.N.N., Shriya A.A, Shuib A.S., Razak S.A.: Genotoxic Effect of Zinc and Cadmium Following Single and Binary Mixture Exposures in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Using Micronucleus Test. Sains Malaysiana 2014, 43, 1053–1059. 2. Aitio A., Alessio L., Axelson O., Coenen J., De Flora S., Grandjean P., Heinrich U., Huff J.E., Ikeda M., Kavlock R., Kazantzis G., Langard S., Levy L.S., Oberdorster G., Olin S., Pearce N.E., Rossman T.G., Schaller K.H., Shy C.: IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans: beryllium, cadmium, mercury, and exposures in the glass manufacturing industry. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Human 1993, 58, 1–415. 3. Akpoilih B.U.: Fish Ecogenotoxicology: An Emerging Science, an Emerging Tool for Environmental Monitoring and Risk Assessment. J Environ Anal Toxicol 2013, 3, 165, doi: 10.4172/2161-0525.1000165. 4. Awange J.: Environmental monitoring. In GNSS environmental sensing. Cham: Springer International Publishing 2018, 1–13, doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-58418-8. 5. Bridges Ch.C., Zalups R.K.: Molecular and ionic mimicry and the transport of toxic metals. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2005, 204, 274–308, 10.1016/j.taap.2004.09.007.
Cited by
1 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献，注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献，订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献
|
|