Study of the Migration Attractiveness of the Countries of the European Continent: Analysis of the Factors of its Formation

Abstract

Abstract The article presents the author’s approach to the classification of types of attractiveness that may be characteristic of certain European countries. The migration attractiveness of countries is highlighted and a list of factors that can affect it is given. Factors were ranked according to the level of their impact on population migration, among which the following were highlighted: the economic development of countries, production processes, the use of more modern technologies, ensuring one’s financial well-being, and the culture of the production environment. The dynamics of the number of immigrants who moved to the studied European countries since 2020 are given. The main programs under which European countries accept migrants for permanent residence are considered the issues of providing housing, employment in the industrial infrastructure, and increasing the level of professional competence in various fields. To conduct a comparative assessment of the attractiveness of European countries for potential migrants, a set of available statistical indicators was selected, which fully reflects the main parameters of the countries’ attractiveness. Individual results obtained in the process of assessing the migratory attractiveness of the countries of the European Continent are presented, and proposals for its improvement are presented. It is proved that increasing migration attractiveness is possible by improving the social and economic attractiveness of countries. To do this, countries should create conditions for the development of various industries, create additional jobs, provide high wages, social services, protection, etc. to attract as many highly skilled labor resources from other countries as possible. As a result, the growth in the number of professional labor migrants in countries will contribute to the development of those industries that are common in the respective countries.