Correlation between ankle–brachial index, wall motion score index, and SYNTAX score in acute coronary syndrome patients

Abstract

Abstract Background Ankle–brachial index (ABI) is a noninvasive and cheap measurement that is used to define peripheral arterial disease (PAD). It is used as a marker to predict coronary artery disease (CAD). The SYNTAX score was created to quantify the extent of CAD in patients with multivessel disease. Two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is a useful method for evaluating left ventricular (LV) volumes and ejection fraction (EF) in CAD patients. The aim of the study is to find the relationship between ABI and wall motion score index (WMSI) in order to better predict the severity of CAD. Patients and Methods One hundred and twenty-five CAD patients were evaluated by echocardiography to calculate WMSI before they underwent coronary angiography to assess the SYNTAX score. ABI measurement was done. Results The study included 54.4% males with a mean age of 55.11 years. Nearly half of them had ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). There was a negative correlation between the SYNTAX score and AKI, a positive correlation between the SYNTAX score and WMSI, and a negative correlation between WMSI and ABI. Predictors of high SYNTAX were ABI <0.9, low left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), high WMSI, and multivessel coronary artery affection. Conclusion ABI is a noninvasive test that could predict the severity of CAD. WMSI is an echocardiographic parameter that could be used as an indicator of CAD severity. Combining both ABI and WMSI could help in predicting complex CAD better.