Human dirofilariasis in Bulgaria between 2009 and 2018

Author:

Velev V.1,Vutova K.1,Pelov T.2,Tsachev I.3

Affiliation:

1. University Hospital for Infectious and Parasitic Diseases “Prof. Iv. Kirov,” Medical University of Sofia , Sofia , Bulgaria

2. Department of Pediatric Urology , University Hospital for Emergency Medicine “Pirogov,” , Sofia , Bulgaria ;

3. Department of Microbiology, Infectious and Parasitic Diseases , Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University , Stara Zagora , Bulgaria

Abstract

Summary Autochthonous Dirofilaria repens infections have been found in dogs and other carnivores in most European countries. In the same countries, reports of human dirofilariasis are becoming increasingly prevalent. We present 18 cases of people infected with D. repens for a 10-year period traced in our hospital. The data was collected from the observations and tests of all 18 patients from the whole country treated at the Specialized Hospital for Infectious and Parasitic Diseases in Sofia in the period 2009 – 2018. We used a morphological method, serology test and Knott’s method for microfilariae. The patients were 11 to 74 years of age, 12 female and 6 male. In most cases, patients have subcutaneous nodules or face, eyelid and eyes localization. The trend of increasing incidence in Bulgaria continues, with age and sex distribution and localization of the larva being similar to those in other European countries.

Publisher

Walter de Gruyter GmbH

Subject

Animal Science and Zoology,Parasitology

Reference19 articles.

1. Angelov, I., Vuchev, D. (2010): Dirofilariasis caused by Dirofilaria repens in humans. Infectology 1:36 – 39 (In Bulgarian)

2. Cancrini, G., Gabrielli, S. (2007): Vectors of Dirofilaria nematodes: biology, behaviour and host/parasite relationships. In: Genchi, C, Rinaldi, L., Cringoli, G. (Eds) Dirofilaria immitis and D. repens in dog and cat and human infections. Mappe Parassitologiche 8: 49 – 58

3. Disanaike, A.S., Abeyewickreme, W., Wijesundera, M.D., Weerasooriya, M.V., Ismail, M.M. (1997:) Human dirofilariasis caused by Dirofilaria (Nochtiella) repens in Sri Lanka. Parasitologia 39(4): 375 – 382

4. Ermakova, L., Nagorny, S., Pshenichnaya, N., Ambalov, Y., Boltachiev, K. (2017): Clinical and laboratory features of human dirofilariasis in Russia. IDCases, 9: 112 – 115. DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2017.07.006. eCollection 201710.1016/j.idcr.2017.07.006.eCollection2017

5. Genchi, C., Kramer, L. (2017): Subcutaneous dirofilariosis (Dirofilaria repens): an infection spreading throughout the old world. Parasit. Vectors., 10(Suppl. 2): 517. DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2434-8

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