Effect of Gene Polymorphisms in Antioxidant Enzymes on Oxidative-Antioxidative Status in Young Men

Abstract

Abstract Introduction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between SOD1 +35A/C, SOD2 Val16Ala and GPx1 Pro198Leu gene polymorphisms and baseline level of oxidative-antioxidative status in blood. Material and methods.The study included 154 male students of physical education who participated in practical classes included in the study curriculum. Genotyping was carried out on genomic DNA using real-time PCR reaction with TaqMan assays. Also, fasting blood samples were analyzed for biochemical parameters including superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in erythrocytes and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in whole blood, as well as serum concentration of lipid hydroperoxides (LOOHs) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) of serum. Results. SOD2 polymorphism had a significant effect on serum LOOHs concentration. Individuals with Val/Val genotype presented a significantly higher level of LOOHs than Val/Ala genotype carriers (p < 0.05). In addition, no significant differences in SOD and GPx activity or TAC were found between SOD2 genotypes. Apart from the SOD2 polymorphism, no significant influence of both SOD1 and GPx1 polymorphisms on measured biochemical parameters was found, probably due to the lack of mutant homozygous genotypes in the study group. Conclusions. In young, healthy and physically active men, SOD2 polymorphism has an influence on the resting level of oxidative stress marker in the blood without affecting both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defence. In turn, SOD1 and GPx1 polymorphisms do not seem to affect oxidative-antioxidative status. However, the absence of SOD1 CC and GPx1 Leu/Leu may indicate that these genotypes are disadvantageous, and thus underrepresented in young, healthy and physically fit population.