Researches Regarding New and Improved Technologies for Sunflower and Sorghum Crops in the Context of Climate Changes in Dobrogea Region

Abstract

Abstract At Sport Agra in Amzacea, in the last few years there have been experimented new sunflower and sorghum crop technologies designed to face the current climate changes. These technologies for the intended crops include the following elements: changing the sowing epoch with one month before the usual period recommended by classical technologies; application of herbicides in order to control both weeds and Orobanche cumana Wallr. parasite in plots cultivated with various hybrids from Syngenta and Limagrain companies; application of last generation fungicides during the vegetation period, which will reduce the attack of the main crop pathogens; screening of hybrids with good behavior towards the main pest agent of area - Orobanche cumana parasite, which cause important yield losses in the south east past of Romania. There were tested 8 hybrids from Syngenta Company, 6 hybrids from Limagrain and 4 hybrids from NARDI Fundulea. The yields obtained for most of the hybrids were over 4 t/ha. For sorghum crop, there were performed various experiments such as: changing the sowing period - beginning of April in order to benefit from the soil’s humidity at 4-5 cm depth boosting the germination process; choosing early hybrids in order to avoid the drought season which starts in June; applying adequate crop protection treatments, with pre-emergent and postemergent herbicides and last generation insecticides. The obtained production from sorghum crop were over 10 t/ha for most of the varieties tested.