Curcumin and curcuminoids in quest for medicinal status.

Abstract

Curcumin, known for thousands of years as an Ayurvedic medicine, and popular as a spice in Asian cuisine, has undergone in recent times remarkable transformation into a drug candidate with prospective multipotent therapeutic applications. Characterized by high chemical reactivity, resulting from an extended conjugated double bond system prone to nucleophilic attack, curcumin has been shown to interact with a plethora of molecular targets, in numerous experimental observations based on spectral, physicochemical or biological principles. The collected preclinical pharmacological data support traditional claims concerning the medicinal potential of curcumin and its congeners but at the same time point to their suboptimal properties in the ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) area.